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Human Circulatory System | Kerala PSC LDC
- Fact 1 of 8❤️
The human heart has four chambers
The heart has two upper chambers called atria and two lower chambers called ventricles. The right side pumps blood to the lungs and the left side pumps it to the body, a key point for exam questions on circulation.
- Fact 2 of 8🫁
The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood
Unlike most arteries, the pulmonary artery carries oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. Exams often test this reversal, since arteries are defined by the direction of flow, not by the oxygen content.
- Fact 3 of 8🩸
Pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood
The pulmonary veins bring freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the left atrium of the heart. They are the only veins in the human body that carry oxygenated blood.
- Fact 4 of 8🏛️
The aorta is the largest artery in the body
The aorta leaves the left ventricle and distributes oxygen-rich blood to the whole body. It is the body's largest artery and a frequent answer in biology questions on blood vessels.
- Fact 5 of 8⚡
The heart's natural pacemaker
The sinoatrial (SA) node, a small patch of tissue in the right atrium, starts each heartbeat and is called the natural pacemaker. Exam papers often ask which part of the heart controls the heart rate.
- Fact 6 of 8🔴
Mature red blood cells have no nucleus
In mammals, mature red blood cells lose their nucleus, leaving more room for hemoglobin, the iron-containing protein that carries oxygen. This is a standard question in Kerala PSC biology papers.
- Fact 7 of 8📈
Normal adult blood pressure is about 120/80 mmHg
A healthy adult's resting blood pressure is about 120 mmHg systolic over 80 mmHg diastolic. Knowing this normal reading helps in understanding hypertension and related health questions.
- Fact 8 of 8💧
An adult has about 5 litres of blood
An average adult body contains roughly 5 litres of blood, about 7 to 8 percent of body weight. This figure is useful for quick recall in health and physiology questions.
